Development of an Ethical AI-Based LMS and Its Impact on the Learning Outcomes of Teacher Education Students

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education demands attention to ethical aspects such as transparency, fairness, and privacy, particularly for Education and Teacher Training students as future educators. This study aims to develop a Learning Management System (LMS) that develops ethical AI principles and measures differences in student learning outcomes before and after its use. The study used a Research and Development approach with the Dick and Carey model, combined with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design on 32 Teacher Training and Education students in South Sulawesi in 2026. Validation by media and materials experts resulted in an average Aiken's V coefficient of 0.83 (valid category). Field trials showed an increase in the average score from 60.77 to 68.28, with a significant paired t-test result (p < 0.001). These findings indicate an increase in learning outcomes after LMS use, but should be interpreted cautiously given the limitations of the design without a control group and the limited sample size. This study is expected to contribute to the development of LMSs based on ethical AI principles in higher education.