Misconduct may include, but is not limited to:

• Fabrication or falsification of research data, participants, instruments, accessibility testing, usability results, or technological evaluation outcomes.
• Plagiarism, inappropriate paraphrasing, or unattributed use of another person's ideas, words, data, images, software, source code, or intellectual work.
• Duplicate or redundant publication and simultaneous submission of substantially the same manuscript to multiple journals.
• Inappropriate authorship, including ghost, guest, or honorary authorship and unauthorized authorship changes.
• Citation manipulation or the deliberate inclusion of irrelevant references intended to inflate citation indicators.
• Manipulation, fabrication, or interference with the editorial or peer-review process.
• Failure to disclose significant financial, institutional, academic, or personal conflicts of interest.
• Unethical treatment of research participants, including persons with disabilities, or failure to obtain appropriate research approval, accessible informed consent, or necessary permissions.
• Unauthorized disclosure or misuse of sensitive participant information, disability-related data, biometric records, recordings, or other confidential research materials.
• Inappropriate manipulation of figures, images, transcripts, qualitative evidence, datasets, technical demonstrations, or software performance results.
• Misrepresentation of research methods, technological functionality, accessibility compliance, participant involvement, or the actual contribution of an intervention.
• Inappropriate or undisclosed use of artificial intelligence or automated tools that compromises authorship responsibility, originality, confidentiality, data integrity, or research reliability.

Allegations of misconduct may be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief or the NAJIT Editorial Office. Reports should be made in good faith and contain sufficient information to allow an initial assessment of the concern.

Where possible, the report should identify the manuscript or published article, describe the suspected misconduct, and provide relevant supporting documents, references, evidence, or research records. Anonymous allegations may be considered when they contain sufficiently specific and credible information.

Depending on the nature and seriousness of the concern, NAJIT may:

• Request explanations, supporting documentation, original datasets, or appropriate corrections.
• Temporarily suspend manuscript processing while the concern is being assessed.
• Reject manuscripts when serious misconduct is established before publication.
• Publish corrections when a published article requires an amendment to maintain the accuracy of the scholarly record.
• Issue an expression of concern when substantial unresolved questions arise regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article.
• Retract published articles when findings or the publication record are seriously unreliable or affected by major misconduct.
• Notify relevant institutions, research integrity offices, ethics committees, or funding bodies when justified.
• Take other proportionate measures necessary to protect scholarly integrity and responsible academic publishing.

NAJIT encourages legitimate concerns regarding research and publication integrity to be reported in good faith. A complainant is not required to establish conclusive proof of misconduct before raising a reasonable, evidence-supported concern.

Knowingly false, fabricated, malicious, or deliberately misleading allegations may themselves constitute unethical conduct and may be referred to an appropriate institution or authority when justified.